[미국] 샌디에고, 새로운 양수발전장치로 에너지 수요 충족 기대
지난 1월 4일, 샌디에고 수도당국(San Diego County Water Authority)과 샌디에고시(City of San Diego)는 샌버센테 저수지(San Vicente Reservoir)에서 새로운 양수(揚水) 발전 장치를 통해 이 지역의 향후 에너지 수요를 충족시킬 수 있는 가능성에 한 걸음 다가갔다.
이 잠재적인 프로젝트는 최대 500MW의 재생가능에너지원을 창출하여 재생에너지공급이 부족한 시기 또는 에너지 사용량이 많은 시기에 지역에 안정적으로 전기 그리드를 공급할 수 있다.
이 지역에 매일 최대 8시간의 저장용량을 제공하는 이 프로젝트는 태양열 등의 캘리포니아 및 서부지역 전력망에 재생전력의 대규모 신규 공급을 통합하는데 필수적인 전기 그리드 운영을 지원할 것이다.
[원문보기]
Water Authority, City of San Diego measuring interest in potential renewable energy-supporting pumped storage project
The San Diego County Water Authority and the City of San Diego on Wednesday took a step toward the possibility of helping the region meet its future energy needs through a new pumped storage opportunity at the San Vicente Reservoir site. The potential project would create a new, up to 500-megawatt source of renewable energy that could provide electric grid stability to the region during peak times for energy use or other days when demand for electricity is high and renewable energy supplies are scarce.
Through Wednesday's release of a joint Request for Letters of Interest in the proposed San Vicente Energy Storage Facility, the Water Authority and the City of San Diego are reaching out to electric utilities, developers, investors and energy off-takers -- other entities wishing to purchase the services that this project would provide -- to help determine who may be interested in participating in the potential project. The request will also help determine what possible next steps are in the best interests of regional ratepayers and stakeholders. With the capability to provide the region with up to eight hours of storage capacity daily, the project could support electrical grid operations that are essential to integrating large new supplies of renewable electricity into the California and Western power grids - notably solar, but also wind.
"When we filled San Vicente Reservoir last summer, we filled it with more than just water -- we filled it with huge potential for energy benefits," said Mark Muir, chair of the Water Authority Board of Directors. "Given this new potential for energy from a recently expanded water resource, it's only prudent to continue to research the potential benefits to our region's ratepayers."
The backbone of the project would consist of an interconnection and pumping system between the existing San Vicente Reservoir and a new, smaller reservoir located uphill. The pumping system would be used during off-peak energy-use periods to pump water from the existing San Vicente Reservoir to the new upper reservoir. This pumping would create a bank of stored hydroelectric energy in the upper reservoir that would be released to the lower reservoir by gravity at times when other renewable energy supplies, such as solar, are unavailable and when energy demand and electricity costs are higher.
Pumped storage offers benefits to electrical grid operators such as the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) as well, including helping to maintain certain voltage levels on the grid and the capacity to quickly ramp up or down energy generation as needed. Compared to other storage technologies such as batteries, pumped storage offers the benefits of large size and a long duration of storage services, which could be important factors in California's push for added renewable electricity. The Water Authority currently operates a pumped storage facility at Lake Hodges, which began its operations of pumping water to Olivenhain Reservoir and generating up to 40 megawatts of electricity on demand for the region through downhill releases in 2011.
The Water Authority and the City of San Diego have had a longstanding partnership on various water supply initiatives, including the San Vicente Dam Raise Project completed in 2014. That project, which was the largest dam raise in the U.S. and the tallest roller-compacted concrete dam raise in the world, created approximately 100,000 acre-feet of new carryover storage water supplies and 52,000 acre-feet of new emergency storage capacity. The San Vicente Dam, reservoir and the reservoir's original operational storage remain owned by the City of San Diego. The Water Authority owns the additional storage capacity created by the dam raise and completed filling its carryover storage capacity in summer 2016.
As partners, the Water Authority and the City of San Diego are joint permittees on a preliminary permit issued by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, which allows the agencies to pursue development of a pumped storage facility near San Vicente Reservoir. This preliminary permit is an early step in determining if and how the project could be developed over the next decade.
In addition to the existing San Vicente Dam and reservoir, the potential project would make use of the nearby 500-kilovolt Sunrise Powerlink transmission line and the 230-kilovolt Sycamore substation, both of which are primarily owned by San Diego Gas & Electric.
As one of the Water Authority's retail member agencies, the city of San Diego has one of the largest and most complex water storage, treatment, and delivery systems in the world. Its Public Utilities Department secures imported water supplies for more than 1.3 million city residents, which are a share of the 3.3 million ratepayers served by the Water Authority. For more information about the San Vicente Energy Storage Project study, go to www.sdcwa.org/san-vicente-energy-storage-facility-study.
[출처 = Water World / 2017년 1월 6일]